T1 - 1x Aesculus x carnea "Briotii" (Red Horse-Chestnut). Fell to ground level. First inspected: Date of the planning permission of Solaire House Second inspection: April 2019 Third inspection: March 2023 Overview A mature chestnut that could have been a garden planted tree in the outset. Over 17 years, numerous developments have occurred to the north, east and west. Access to developments will have had ingress to the root protection area (RPA) as defined by BS5837(2012). Technical solutions such as cellular confinement road systems have been specified, but ultimately the altered physiological conditions would be non-conducive to long-term tree development. Specifics Typical Stem and branch canker present, typical of this species. The stem and canopy displays bias to the west, compensating eastern buttress flare and radial tensile strength not observed. Canker present in this area is significantly decayed leaving a significant cavity. Additionally, a 500mm prod completely disappears into the cavity both below ground level by 400mm and extending horizontally. There is presence of "frass" indicating a progressive worsening issue. This is confirmed by the two previous inspections over the last years. An additional cavity is present higher, providing some habitat value with evidence of strengthening ribs. This may have shell wall strength (broadly indicated via percussive hammer), but should be determined by more accurate internal decay detection means (see final management plan). Physiologically, the tree displays fair/slightly low vitality (inspection of buds). Prescription On the basis of the progressive eastern decay, the stability of the tree is compromised to an unacceptable extent. A more detailed sonic tomographic assessment is possible, however, the visual evidence of decay using hammer and prod is clearly evident. Whilst holes and cavities can be considered "features" in trees, the extent and species will dictate the "acceptable integrity". The chestnut has no heartwood and is hollow at the base below ground level and potentially under other buttresses. The remaining shell wall to the east is unacceptably compromised. Targets and access under lean of canopy would dictate the tree should be felled on safety grounds. Replacement planting could be the same species as the tree forms a significant amenity feature. A new tree should adapt the new conditions with reasonable rooting zone being available. Planting a 14-16cm heavy standard tree with two vertical stakes and cross rail. Aeration pipe, mulching and specific watering programme (including aftercare) should be strictly adhered to up until establishment. Planting position should take into consideration the access flow vehicular traffic and any resultant canopy damage.

Solaire House, New Road, Lower Shiplake, RG9 3LH